Progressivism on a National Level :: essays research papers

Reform of corrupt businesses and governing first drew attention at local and state levels. Big businesses in the late 1800s preferent profit over patriotism, credit over honor, individual gain over national prosperity, and trade and dickering over principles. It was not until 1901, when Theodore Roosevelt became president, that progressivism was brought to the national level. During Roosevelts presidency, he would defend reform as much as possible by strengthening the power of the federal political sympathies.The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was an early attempt to try to make abuses by large combinations of businesses called trusts. The Act was weakened by the Supreme Court used against labor unions rather than against monopolies. Roosevelts first push for reform on the national level began with a secret antitrust investigation of the J. P. Morgans Northern Securities Company whom monopolized railroad traffic. After successfully using his powers in government to control busin esses, Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act against forty-three bad trusts that broke the law and left the good trusts alone. When united mine workers went on strike demanding less(prenominal) hours, more money, and recognition as a union, the price of coal went from $2.50 to $6.00 a ton. With the nations high dependence on coal during the winter, Roosevelt arranged a meeting with representatives from both sides to meet. He threatened to seize the mines and run them with federal troops and eventually settled it by giving them a reduction in the workday and wage increases, but no recognition as a union.Another Act that expanded the federal governments power include the Elkins Act which outlawed railroad rebates and created the Department of Commerce and Labor to act as a corporate watchdog. The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was created in 1887 to find railroads but was never given real power to set rates and prevent discriminatory practices. To increase the power of the I CC, Roosevelt passed the Hepburn Act of 1906, and for the first time, a government commission could investigate private business records and set rates. When Upton Sinclairs novel The Jungle was published, reformers took another look at the meatpacking industry. The novels shock accounts of filthy conditions in the meatpacking plants resulted in the passing of the Pure Food and Drug Act and a Meat Inspection Act.